Laser safety class 2
What you need to know about laser safety classes
We encounter lasers every day – when scanning barcodes at the supermarket checkout, during presentations in the office or in surveying technology. But how safe are these devices actually? The answer lies in their classification according to international safety standards. Laser class 2, which is considered particularly user-friendly, is particularly relevant here.
This classification is based on scientific findings about the effect of laser radiation on the human eye. Natural protective reflexes play a decisive role in laser safety class 2. While higher laser classes require strict protective measures, class 2 offers a good compromise between functionality and safety.
In this article, you will learn about the technical characteristics of this laser class, where it is used and what rules of conduct you should observe. We also explain the differences between related classifications and answer frequently asked questions about practical application.
What is laser safety class 2?
Laser class 2 comprises low-power laser devices that emit only visible light. According to the European standard DIN EN 60825-1, the output power for continuous radiation must not exceed 1 milliwatt. This limit was deliberately chosen so that the body’s natural protective mechanisms are sufficient to prevent injury.
Technical characteristics of laser safety class 2:
- Maximum power: 1 milliwatt (in continuous wave mode)
- Wavelength range: 400 to 700 nanometres (visible light)
- Protection principle: Natural eyelid closure reflex
- Exposure time: Safe up to 0.25 seconds
The wavelength spectrum is decisive for classification: only lasers that generate light in the visible range can be assigned to this category. The reason for this is the biological reaction of the eye to visible radiation. Compared to higher laser classes, Class 2 devices are considered conditionally safe and do not require complex technical protective equipment.
Safety features of Class 2 lasers
The human body has an innate protective mechanism: the eyelid closure reflex. When intense light enters the eye, the eyelids close reflexively within 0.25 seconds. This short reaction time forms the basis for the safety assessment of laser safety class 2. As long as this natural reflex works, brief exposures are not a problem.
Natural protective reactions of the body:
- Eyelid closure reflex (occurs in 0.25 seconds)
- Involuntary head movements
- Pupil constriction in bright light
- Increased blinking frequency
In addition to eyelid closure, the body reacts with other defence mechanisms. However, these reactions only work with visible radiation. For this reason, only lasers with a perceptible light spectrum may belong to class 2. Infrared or UV lasers would not trigger any warning signals and would therefore cause damage unnoticed. It only becomes critical if you consciously act against your instincts and deliberately look into the beam.
Automotive industry. Equipment manufacturers. End customers.
Small selection of references
Typical areas of application for laser class 2
Laser pointers for presentations are among the best-known representatives of this category. They make it possible to highlight important points on projection screens during lectures or training courses. Their low power makes them ideal for everyday use in offices and educational institutions.
Scope of application | Typical devices | Place of operation |
|---|---|---|
Presentation technique | Laserpointer | Offices, schools, conferences |
Retail trade | Barcode scanner | Supermarkets, warehouses |
Surveying technology | Levelling devices, distance meters | Construction sites, crafts |
Alignment systems | Laser spirit levels | Craftsmanship, assembly |
Education & Research | Demonstration laser | Schools, universities |
Barcode scanners, which also belong to laser safety class 2, are used in retail. These devices read product information millions of times a day without requiring any special protective measures. Lasers of this class are also frequently found in surveying technology, enabling precise measurements without the need for complex protective equipment.
Difference between Class 2 and Class 2M
The designation 2M stands for ‘magnified’. Class 2M lasers have similar performance characteristics to those of the standard Class 2, but differ in one important respect: when used with optical instruments, the potential hazard increases significantly. While the natural eyelid closure reflex provides sufficient protection when looking directly at the laser, this mechanism fails when viewing through binoculars, magnifying glasses or telescopes.
Comparison of Class 2 and Class 2M:
Feature | Class 2 | Class 2M |
|---|---|---|
Protection without optical aids | Eyelid closure reflex adequate | Eyelid closure reflex adequate |
Protection with optical devices | Eyelid closure reflex adequate | Additional danger! |
Beam geometry | Mostly punctiform | Often divergent/broad |
Additional caution required | No | Yes, when enlarged |
The reason lies in the beam geometry. Class 2M devices often produce divergent or wide beams. Without optical aids, the energy is distributed over a larger area and remains below critical thresholds. However, as soon as you use a magnifying glass, the radiation is concentrated and can hit the retina with significantly higher intensity.
Why choose us?
Your advantages with 
Flexibility
The adaptable solutions are developed in a targeted manner according to the customer’s requirements.
Cost-effective
The investment is seen as a smart price-performance gain.
Solution-oriented
Goal-focused and desire-centred work, expert recommendations and additional implementation support
Comprehensive service
Comprehensive support and assistance throughout projects means that everything is available from a single source.
Protective measures and rules of conduct
As a general rule, never deliberately point the laser beam at people or reflective surfaces that could cause it to be deflected. Even though Class 2 laser safety devices are considered to be relatively safe, prolonged exposure can lead to temporary visual impairment or glare. Take particular care not to accidentally shine the laser at colleagues while working.
Important rules of conduct when handling laser class 2 devices:
- Never look directly into the laser beam
- Do not point the beam at people or animals
- Be aware of reflective surfaces (mirrors, glass)
- Switch off devices after use
- Do not leave children unattended
- Observe markings and warning signs
Markings help you to assess laser devices correctly. Manufacturers must clearly indicate the classification on their products. Warning signs with the characteristic laser symbol indicate possible hazards. Safety goggles are not normally required when used correctly. Children require special attention when using Class 2 laser pointers, as their natural playfulness can lead to dangerous situations.
Conclusion
Laser safety class 2 offers a good balance between functionality and safety. Thanks to low power values and the restriction to visible light, the body’s natural protective mechanisms can prevent any danger. These characteristics make devices in this category ideal for everyday use in offices, shops and workshops.
The most important points about laser safety class 2 at a glance:
- Maximum power of 1 milliwatt protects against injury
- Blink reflex provides natural protection during short exposure
- Wide range of applications possible without complex protective measures
- Responsible handling and observance of rules of conduct required
Nevertheless, you should not underestimate the radiation. Responsible handling means never pointing the laser beam directly at the eyes and observing warning signs. Laser class 2 shows that technical progress and user safety do not have to be mutually exclusive. Find out about the labelling of your devices – then nothing stands in the way of safe use.
Data
Expertise in figures
Frequently asked questions about laser safety class 2
Are class 2 lasers dangerous?
These lasers are only dangerous if used improperly. If you do not deliberately stare at the beam for a long period of time, your body’s own protective reflexes are sufficient. Short-term, accidental exposure does not pose a significant risk. It only becomes problematic if you deliberately stare at the beam for several seconds.
Do I need protective eyewear?
Protective eyewear is not required for normal use of Class 2 laser devices. The low power and rapid eyelid reflex provide sufficient protection for everyday applications. Additional eye protection may only be necessary in special work situations with an increased risk of exposure.
What happens if I accidentally look into the laser?
If you accidentally look into the laser, nothing serious will normally happen. Your eye will automatically react by closing your eyelids and turning away before any damage can occur. You may notice short-term afterimages or glare effects, but these will quickly disappear. If symptoms persist, consult an ophthalmologist.
Can I use laser class 2 privately?
Private use of laser pointers in laser safety class 2 is generally permitted. You do not need any special permission or training.
Successful customer relationships
Excerpt from our customer list
Contact us now – we’re here to help!
Sound insulation systems
Sound insulation systems
We take our time and your designated contact person will answer all your questions about your individual project. We look forward to hearing from you. Guaranteed!
Email: info@sta-schallschutz.de
Call directly
+49 26 82 / 95 27-0
Opening hours:
Monday to Thursday, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. | Closed on Fridays